西雅图代写Assignment 标准化产品

2016-12-26 12:34

在三个阶段,称为标准化产品,当市场低价竞争成为常态,宝洁可能停止生产完全不同的品牌在国内,可能开始将产品导入到美国在国外的工厂。例如,佳美是肥皂的品牌营销组织在美国没有生产工厂,而宝洁工厂的产品生产在国外进口到中国。

弗农的国际产品生命周期理论是广泛利用组织跨国经营的基础上理论的指导方针的管理组织做出他们的决定,这样的产品将产生部分。理论的指导方针是特别有用的技术性质的产品。此外,该产品在某种程度上适当地描述美国企业的定价行为,为什么他们在收取高价的位置引入新产品进入市场时,为什么不同的产品的价格是降低随着时间的流逝(侯赛因,2009)。

根据弗农的国际化模式适用的国际产品生命周期理论不同时期。在国际产品生命周期的开始没有国际化的生产和消费产品仅限于国内。然而,当产品分布全国各地,出口的产品开始,然而风险最小的国际化战略称为出口铺平了道路,用于风险更大国际化在国外几年。在国际产品生命周期的第二阶段,该公司可能在国外从事更多的风险投资,可能包括100%所有权,或某种形式的合资企业与外国国家的当地公司合作。国际产品生命周期理论的第三阶段,这一过程将会逆转,产品是来自的地方将目标市场和组织的生产设施将转移到国外。

西雅图代写Assignment 标准化产品

In stage three, termed as standardized product, when the price-based competition become the norm of the market, P&G may stop the production of its different brands in the home country altogether and may start importing the product into USA from its plants located in foreign countries. For example, Camay which is a brand of soap marketed by the organization are no produced in the US plants rather the product is produced in the P&G plants located outside the country and is imported into the country.
The Vernon's international product life cycle theory are extensively utilized by organizations that have multinational operation and on the basis of the guidelines of the theory the management of such organization made their decisions that which of the product will be produced in which part. The guidelines of the theory are especially useful for products that are of technological nature. In addition, the product to some extent appropriately describe the pricing behavior of the US-based companies that why they are in position to charge premium prices when they introduce new products into the market and why the prices of different products are reduced with the passage of time (Hussain, 2009).
The patterns of internationalization that are suitable according to Vernon's theory of international product life cycle vary from period to period. During the start of the international product lifecycle there is no internationalization as production and consumptions of the product are limited to the home country. However, when the product is distributed across the country, the export of the product get started, however the least risky strategy of internationalization termed as export is used that paved the way for more risky internationalization in the foreign country in the years ahead. During the second stage of the international product lifecycle, the firm may be engaged in more risky ventures in foreign country that may include 100% ownership, joint venture or some form of collaboration with the local firms in the foreign country. In the third stage of the international product lifecycle theory, the process will be reversed and the place where the product was originated will be the target market and all the production facilities of the organization will be shifted to the foreign country.

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